In the heart of Tehran, at Tarbiat Modares University, researchers are tackling one of the most pressing challenges in the energy sector: the seismic risks associated with hydraulic fracturing. Led by Mohammad Hossein Arabnejad from the Department of Mining Engineering, a new study published in Rudarsko-geološko-naftni Zbornik, which translates to the Mining-Geological-Petroleum Journal, is shedding light on innovative injection schemes that could revolutionize how we extract geothermal energy and hydrocarbons.
Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, has become a cornerstone of modern energy extraction, enabling access to previously untapped reserves. However, the process is not without its controversies, particularly the induced seismic activity that can result from the high-pressure injection of fluids into the earth. This is where Arabnejad’s research comes into play.
The study focuses on three novel cyclic injection methods designed to mitigate the risks of induced earthquakes while enhancing the efficiency of fracturing operations. These methods—stepwise injection (SI), stepwise cyclic injection (SCI), and stepwise progressive cyclic injection (SPCI)—were tested under true triaxial stress conditions to simulate real-world scenarios as accurately as possible.
“The results are quite promising,” Arabnejad explains. “We observed a significant reduction in breakdown pressure across all three methods, which is crucial for minimizing the risk of triggering faults and causing earthquakes.”
Stepwise injection showed the highest reduction in fracture pressure over time, making it a strong contender for immediate application in the field. However, the stepwise cyclic injection method stood out for its ability to reduce the energy released during failure, a key factor in earthquake risk management.
But the real game-changer might be the stepwise progressive cyclic injection method. This approach combines the benefits of reduced breakdown pressure with the creation of a wider fracture network, potentially offering a more efficient and safer way to exploit geothermal resources.
The implications for the energy sector are profound. As the demand for geothermal energy and hydrocarbons continues to grow, so does the need for sustainable and safe extraction methods. Arabnejad’s research provides a roadmap for developing more controlled and less environmentally impactful fracturing techniques.
“The ultimate goal is to make hydraulic fracturing a safer and more efficient process,” Arabnejad states. “By understanding and optimizing these injection schemes, we can pave the way for a more sustainable energy future.”
As the energy industry continues to evolve, the insights from this study could shape the future of hydraulic fracturing. By addressing the seismic risks head-on, researchers like Arabnejad are not just advancing technology; they are building a safer, more sustainable world. The findings published in Rudarsko-geološko-naftni Zbornik mark a significant step forward in this journey, offering a glimpse into a future where energy extraction is both efficient and environmentally responsible.
